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ESP32 - Servo Motor
This tutorial instructs you how to use ESP32 to control a servo motor.
Hardware Used In This Tutorial
| 1 | × | ESP-WROOM-32 Dev Module | |
| 1 | × | Micro USB Cable | |
| 1 | × | Servo Motor | |
| 1 | × | Jumper Wires | |
| 1 | × | (Optional) 5V Power Adapter | |
| 1 | × | (Optional) DC Power Jack | |
| 1 | × | (Optional) ESP32 Screw Terminal Adapter |
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Introduction to Servo Motor
The standard servo motor is a motor that can rotate between 0° and 180°.
Servo Motor Pinout
The servo motor has three pins:
- GND pin: (brown or black) connects this pin to GND (0V)
- VCC pin: (red) connects this pin to VCC (5V)
- Signal pin: (yellow or orange) receives the PWM control signal from an ESP32's pin.
How Servo Motor Works
Wiring Diagram between Servo Motor and ESP32
This image is created using Fritzing. Click to enlarge image
ESP32 Code
/*
* This ESP32 code is created by esp32io.com
*
* This ESP32 code is released in the public domain
*
* For more detail (instruction and wiring diagram), visit https://esp32io.com/tutorials/esp32-servo-motor
*/
#include <Servo.h>
#define SERVO_PIN 26 // ESP32 pin GIOP26 connected to servo motor
Servo servoMotor;
void setup() {
servoMotor.attach(SERVO_PIN); // attaches the servo on ESP32 pin
}
void loop() {
// rotates from 0 degrees to 180 degrees
for (int pos = 0; pos <= 180; pos += 1) {
// in steps of 1 degree
servoMotor.write(pos);
delay(15); // waits 15ms to reach the position
}
// rotates from 180 degrees to 0 degrees
for (int pos = 180; pos >= 0; pos -= 1) {
servoMotor.write(pos);
delay(15); // waits 15ms to reach the position
}
}
Quick Instructions
- If this is the first time you use ESP32, see how to setup environment for ESP32 on Arduino IDE.
- Do the wiring as above image.
- Connect the ESP32 board to your PC via a micro USB cable
- Open Arduino IDE on your PC.
- Select the right ESP32 board (e.g. ESP32 Dev Module) and COM port.
- On Arduino IDE, Navigate to Tools Manage Libraries
- Type ESP32Servo on the search box, then look for the keypad library by Mark Stanley, Alexander Brevig
- Click Install button to install servo motor library for ESP32.
- Copy the above code and paste it to Arduino IDE.
- Compile and upload code to ESP32 board by clicking Upload button on Arduino IDE
- See the result: Servo motor rotates slowly about 180° in clockwise and counter-clockwise direction
Line-by-line Code Explanation
The above ESP32 code contains line-by-line explanation. Please read the comments in the code!
How to Control Speed of Servo Motor
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