ESP32 - Multiple Button

This tutorial guides you on programming an ESP32 to utilize multiple buttons simultaneously without relying on the delay() function. The tutorial offers code in two methods:

ESP32 multiple buttons with debounce
ESP32 multiple buttons with debounce using the array.

We will demonstrate with four buttons. However, you can readily adjust the code for two buttons, three buttons, five buttons, or even more.

Hardware Used In This Tutorial

1	×	ESP-WROOM-32 Dev Module
1	×	USB Cable Type-C
1	×	Breadboard-mount Button with Cap
1	×	Breadboard-mount Button Kit
1	×	Panel-mount Button
1	×	Breadboard
1	×	Jumper Wires
1	×	(Recommended) Screw Terminal Expansion Board for ESP32

Or you can buy the following sensor kits:

1	×	DIYables Sensor Kit (30 sensors/displays)
1	×	DIYables Sensor Kit (18 sensors/displays)

Disclosure: some of these links are affiliate links. We may earn a commission on your purchase at no extra cost to you. We appreciate it.

Introduction to Button

We have specific tutorials about button. Each tutorial contains detailed information and step-by-step instructions about hardware pinout, working principle, wiring connection to ESP32, ESP32 code... Learn more about them at the following links:

ESP32 - Button tutorial
ESP32 - Button Debounce tutorial

Wiring Diagram

This image is created using Fritzing. Click to enlarge image

If you're unfamiliar with how to supply power to the ESP32 and other components, you can find guidance in the following tutorial: How to Power ESP32.

ESP32 Code - Multiple Buttons with debounce

When dealing with multiple buttons, complexity can arise in specific situations:

Applications requiring button debouncing (refer to why we need to debounce for buttons)
Applications needing to detect state changes (pressed/released)

Fortunately, the ezButton library simplifies this process by handling debounce and button events internally. This spares users from managing timestamps and variables when using the library. Moreover, employing an array of buttons can improve code clarity and brevity.

/* * This ESP32 code is created by esp32io.com * * This ESP32 code is released in the public domain * * For more detail (instruction and wiring diagram), visit https://esp32io.com/tutorials/esp32-multiple-button */ #include <ezButton.h> #define BUTTON_PIN_1 25 // The ESP32 pin GPIO25 connected to the button 1 #define BUTTON_PIN_2 26 // The ESP32 pin GPIO26 connected to the button 2 #define BUTTON_PIN_3 27 // The ESP32 pin GPIO27 connected to the button 3 #define BUTTON_PIN_4 14 // The ESP32 pin GPIO14 connected to the button 4 ezButton button1(BUTTON_PIN_1); // create ezButton object for button 1 ezButton button2(BUTTON_PIN_2); // create ezButton object for button 2 ezButton button3(BUTTON_PIN_3); // create ezButton object for button 3 ezButton button4(BUTTON_PIN_4); // create ezButton object for button 4 void setup() { Serial.begin(9600); button1.setDebounceTime(100); // set debounce time to 100 milliseconds button2.setDebounceTime(100); // set debounce time to 100 milliseconds button3.setDebounceTime(100); // set debounce time to 100 milliseconds button4.setDebounceTime(100); // set debounce time to 100 milliseconds } void loop() { button1.loop(); // MUST call the loop() function first button2.loop(); // MUST call the loop() function first button3.loop(); // MUST call the loop() function first button4.loop(); // MUST call the loop() function first // get button state after debounce int button1_state = button1.getState(); // the state after debounce int button2_state = button2.getState(); // the state after debounce int button3_state = button3.getState(); // the state after debounce int button4_state = button4.getState(); // the state after debounce /* Serial.print("The button 1 state: "); Serial.println(button1_state); Serial.print("The button 2 state: "); Serial.println(button2_state); Serial.print("The button 3 state: "); Serial.println(button3_state); Serial.print("The button 4 state: "); Serial.println(button4_state); */ if (button1.isPressed()) Serial.println("The button 1 is pressed"); if (button1.isReleased()) Serial.println("The button 1 is released"); if (button2.isPressed()) Serial.println("The button 2 is pressed"); if (button2.isReleased()) Serial.println("The button 2 is released"); if (button3.isPressed()) Serial.println("The button 3 is pressed"); if (button3.isReleased()) Serial.println("The button 3 is released"); if (button4.isPressed()) Serial.println("The button 4 is pressed"); if (button4.isReleased()) Serial.println("The button 4 is released"); }

Quick Instructions

If this is the first time you use ESP32, see how to setup environment for ESP32 on Arduino IDE.
Do the wiring as above image.
Connect the ESP32 board to your PC via a micro USB cable
Open Arduino IDE on your PC.
Select the right ESP32 board (e.g. ESP32 Dev Module) and COM port.
Do the wiring as above image.
Connect the ESP32 board to your PC via a USB cable
Open Arduino IDE on your PC.
Select the right ESP32 board (e.g. ESP32) and COM port.
Click to the Libraries icon on the left bar of the Arduino IDE.
Search “ezButton”, then find the button library by ESP32GetStarted
Click Install button to install ezButton library.

Copy the above code and paste it to Arduino IDE.
Compile and upload code to ESP32 board by clicking Upload button on Arduino IDE

Open Serial Monitor on Arduino IDE
Press and release the button one by one

COM6

Send

The button 1 is pressed The button 1 is released The button 2 is pressed The button 2 is released The button 3 is pressed The button 3 is released The button 4 is pressed The button 4 is released

Autoscroll Show timestamp

Clear output

9600 baud

Newline

ESP32 Code - Multiple Buttons using array

We can enhance the provided code by utilizing an array of buttons. The following code demonstrates how this array manages button objects.

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