ESP32 - Door Sensor - Servo Motor

This tutorial instructs you how to use ESP32 with door sensor and servo motor. In detail:

ESP32 automatically rotates servo motor to 90 degree if the door is open.
ESP32 automatically rotates servo motor to 0 degree if the door is open again

That process is repeated.

Hardware Used In This Tutorial

1	×	ESP-WROOM-32 Dev Module
1	×	USB Cable Type-C
1	×	Door Sensor
1	×	Servo Motor
1	×	Breadboard
1	×	Jumper Wires
1	×	(Optional) DC Power Jack
1	×	(Recommended) Screw Terminal Expansion Board for ESP32

Or you can buy the following sensor kits:

1	×	DIYables Sensor Kit (30 sensors/displays)
1	×	DIYables Sensor Kit (18 sensors/displays)

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Introduction to Servo Motor and Door Sensor

We have specific tutorials about servo motor and door sensor. Each tutorial contains detailed information and step-by-step instructions about hardware pinout, working principle, wiring connection to ESP32, ESP32 code... Learn more about them at the following links:

Wiring Diagram

This image is created using Fritzing. Click to enlarge image

If you're unfamiliar with how to supply power to the ESP32 and other components, you can find guidance in the following tutorial: How to Power ESP32.

ESP32 Code - Door Sensor Controls Servo Motor

/* * This ESP32 code is created by esp32io.com * * This ESP32 code is released in the public domain * * For more detail (instruction and wiring diagram), visit https://esp32io.com/tutorials/esp32-door-sensor-servo-motor */ #include <Servo.h> #define DOOR_SENSOR_PIN 21 // ESP32 pin GPIO21 connected to door sensor's pin #define SERVO_PIN 26 // ESP32 pin GPIO26 connected to servo motor's pin Servo servo; // create servo object to control a servo // variables will change: int angle = 0; // the current angle of servo motor int prev_door_state; // the previous state of door sensor int door_state; // the current state of door sensor void setup() { Serial.begin(9600); // initialize serial pinMode(DOOR_SENSOR_PIN, INPUT_PULLUP); // set ESP32 pin to input pull-up mode servo.attach(SERVO_PIN); // attaches the servo on pin GPIO26 to the servo object servo.write(angle); door_state = digitalRead(DOOR_SENSOR_PIN); } void loop() { prev_door_state = door_state; // save the last state door_state = digitalRead(DOOR_SENSOR_PIN); // read new state if(prev_door_state == LOW && door_state == HIGH) { Serial.println("The door-opening event is detected"); // change angle of servo motor if(angle == 0) angle = 90; else if(angle == 90) angle = 0; // control servo motor arccoding to the angle servo.write(angle); } }

Quick Instructions

If this is the first time you use ESP32, see how to setup environment for ESP32 on Arduino IDE.
Do the wiring as above image.
Connect the ESP32 board to your PC via a micro USB cable
Open Arduino IDE on your PC.
Select the right ESP32 board (e.g. ESP32 Dev Module) and COM port.
Click to the Libraries icon on the left bar of the Arduino IDE.
Type ServoESP32 on the search box, then look for the servo library by Jaroslav Paral. Please be aware that both version 1.1.1 and 1.1.0 are affected by bugs. Kindly choose a different version.
Click Install button to install servo motor library for ESP32.

Copy the above code and paste it to Arduino IDE.
Compile and upload code to ESP32 board by clicking Upload button on Arduino IDE
Move the magnet close to the reed switch and them move it far from the reed switch. Repeat this several times
See the change of servo motor

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